Je nach Betrachtungsweise kann man darüber streiten, ob Schwarz wirklich eine Farbe ist. Physikalisch gesehen entsteht Schwarz bei der Abwesenheit von Licht jeglicher Wellenlänge.
Das war so eine Gottseidank in uns wohnende Takt, Selbstverständlichkeit des Taktes, daß wir uns untereinander nie darüber unterhalten haben, nie darüber sprachen, es hat jeden geschauert und jeder war sich klar, daß er es das nächste Mal wieder tun würde, wenn es befohlen wird und wenn es notwendig ist.
Wool's scaling and crimp make it easier to spin and felt the fleece. They help the individual fibers attach to each other so that they stay together. Because of the crimp, wool fabrics have a greater bulk than other textiles and retain air, which causes the product to retain heat. Insulation also works both ways; bedouins and tuaregs use wool clothes to keep the heat out.
The amount of crimp corresponds to the thickness of the wool fibers. A fine wool like merino may have up to a hundred crimps per inch, while the coarser wools like karakul may have as few as one to two crimps per inch.
Hair, by contrast, has little if any scale and no crimp and little ability to bind into yarn. On sheep, the hair part of the fleece is called kemp. The relative amounts of kemp to wool vary from breed to breed, and make some fleeces more desirable for spinning, felting or carding into batts for quilts or other insulating products.
Wool is generally a creamy white color, although some breeds of sheep produce natural colors such as black, brown, silver and random mixes.
united nation
The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress and human rights issues.
The United Nations was founded in 1945 to replace the League of Nations, in the hope that it would intervene in conflicts between nations and thereby avoid war. The organization began with fifty countries signing the United Nations Charter. The organization's structure still reflects in some ways the circumstances of its founding. The five permanent members of the UN Security Council, each of which has veto power on any Security Council resolution, are the main victors of World War II or their successor states (alphabetical order): the People's Republic of China (which replaced the Republic of China in 1971); France; Russia (which replaced the Soviet Union in 1991); the United Kingdom; and the United States.[1]
There are currently 192 United Nations member states[2], encompassing almost every recognized independent state. From its headquarters in New York City, the UN and its specialized agencies decide on substantive and administrative issues in regular meetings held throughout each year. The organization is divided into administrative bodies, including the General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Secretariat, and the International Court of Justice (ICJ). Additional bodies deal with the governance of all other UN System agencies, such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). The UN's most visible public figure is the Secretary-General. The current Secretary-General is Ban Ki-moon of South Korea, who assumed the post on 1 January 2007.
Fashion Designer Rei Kawakubo, founder of Comme des Garcons, was born in Tokyo in 1942.
She is untrained as a fashion designer, but studied fine arts and literature at Tokyo's prestigious Keio University. After graduation, Kawakubo worked in a textile company and began working as a freelance stylist in 1967.
In 1973, she established her own company, Comme des Garcons Co. Ltd in Tokyo and opened up her first boutique in Tokyo in 1975. Starting out with women's clothes, Kawakubo added a men's line in 1978. Three years later, she started presenting her fashion lines in Paris each season, opening up a boutique in Paris in 1982.
Comme des Garcons specializes in anti-fashion, austere, sometimes deconstructed garments. During the 1980s, her garments were primarily in black, dark gray or white. The materials were often draped around the body and features frayed, unfinished edges along with holes and a general asymmetrical shape. Challenging the established notions of beauty she created an uproar at her debut Paris fashion show where journalists labled her clothes 'Hiroshima chic' amongst other things. Since the late 1980s her colour palette has grown somewhat.
BMW
Die Bayerische Motoren Werke AG (BMW) ist ein deutscher Hersteller von Automobilen, Motorrädern und Motoren. Der Hauptsitz des Unternehmens befindet sich in München. Im Jahr 2005 erzielte es bei einem Umsatz von 46.656 Mio. € einen Nettogewinn von 2.239 Mio. €. Weltweit beschäftigt der Konzern 105.798 Mitarbeiter. Die Aktie des Unternehmens ist im DAX der Deutschen Börse notiert.
Surrealismus
literarische Bewegung des 20. Jahrhunderts, die sich vom
Der Surrealismus war eine künstlerische und psychoanalytischen Begriff des Unbewussten inspirieren ließ. In Bezug auf den Traum als Reservoir des Unbewussten, als originäre kreative Quelle bezog allerdings von Mitte bis Ende der 40er Jahre eine eher obskure Zürcher Künstlergruppe gänzlich andere Positionen als die Surrealisten. Die Bewegung der Surrealisten versuchte, das Unbewusste darzustellen, indem sie Traum und Realität miteinander verschmelzen ließ. Es werden absolut reale Dinge in völlig abstrusen Zusammenhängen dargestellt, so dass es dem Betrachter kaum mehr möglich ist zwischen Traum und Realität zu unterscheiden.
Alternative rock
The terms alternative rock and alternative music[1] (also simply called alternative) were coined in the 1980s to describe punk rock-inspired bands on independent record labels that didn't fit into the mainstream genres of the time.[2] More specifically, it is made up mostly of genres that appeared in the 1980s and became popular or well known by the 1990s, such as indie rock, grunge, gothic rock, and college rock. Most alternative bands were unified by their collective debt to the style and/or ethos of punk, which laid the groundwork for alternative music in the 1970s. Though the genre is considered to be rock, some of its subgenres are influenced by folk music, reggae, electronic music and jazz among other genres. At times it has been used as catch-all phrase for rock music from underground artists in the 1980s and, ironically, for rock music in general in the 1990s and 2000s.
Vivienne Westwood
In September 2005, Westwood joined forces with the British civil rights group Liberty and launched exclusive limited design T-shirts and baby wear bearing the slogan I AM NOT A TERRORIST, please don't arrest me. Westwood said she was supporting the campaign and defending habeas corpus. "When I was a schoolgirl my history teacher, Mr. Scott, began to take classes in civic affairs. The first thing he explained to us was the fundamental rule of law embodied in habeas corpus. He spoke with pride of civilisation and democracy. The hatred of arbitrary arrest by the lettres de cachet of the French monarchy caused the storming of the Bastille. We can only take democracy for granted if we insist on our liberty", she said[citation needed]. The sale of the £50 T-shirts raised funds for the organisation.
Her Autumn/Winter 2005/06 Propaganda Collection drew inspiration from her archive, reinterpreting designs using Wolford’s exclusive knitting technology, who she has worked in close collaboration with since 2003.
baroque
Ce mouvement se caractérise par les prédominance du thème du déséquilibre en sculpture, en peinture, en littérature et en musique.
Ceci s'explique par les récentes découvertes de Copernic et de Galilée, qui contestent que la Terre soit le centre de l'univers et qui affirment qu'elle est ronde et qu'elle tourne autour du Soleil ; ces thèses contredisant l'idée couramment admise depuis des millénaires, une panique générale s'installe. On ne peut en effet avoir confiance en rien, même pas en la Terre que l'on a sous les pieds, tous les points de repères étant abolis. La meilleure représentation de cette idée est le groupe Apollon et Daphné du Bernin.
Art nouveau (Objectifs)
L'Art nouveau est le fait d'une génération d'artistes qui sortent de leur tour d'ivoire pour prendre en main le décor de la vie et couper avec l'exploitation des styles du passé afin de proposer une alternative à un historicisme officiel qui empêche le renouveau des formes.
C'est dans cette optique que les anciens matériaux comme le bois, la pierre ont été élégamment mariés avec les nouveaux comme l'acier, le verre. Pour chacun d'eux, des artistes ont poussé leurs recherches à l'extrême pour en tirer le meilleur. C'est ainsi que les pâtes de verres multicouches, les rampes d'escalier à entrelacs de ferronneries, les meubles aux ondulations de bois ont permis de mettre l'art à disposition de tous pour un coût abordable tout en gardant une volonté d'innovation formelle, inspirée de la nature.
black/noir/nero
In physics, a black body is a perfect absorber of light, but by a rule derived by Einstein it is also, when heated, the best emitter. Thus, the best radiative cooling, out of sunlight, is by using black paint, though it is important that it be black (a nearly perfect absorber) in the infrared as well.
In elementary science far Ultraviolet light is called "black light" because, unseen (per se), it causes many minerals and other substances to fluoresce.
Apparu en France vers 1700, le style se propage en Europe tout au long du XVIIIe siècle. Il trouve son apogée sous la Régence et surtout sous le règne de Louis XV, après l’austérité des dernières années du règne de Louis XIV. Il sera remplacé à partir de 1760 par le Néoclassicisme qui est, comme par un mouvement de pendule, un retour à l’austérité.
Selon Delécluze, le terme Rococo fut inventé vers 1797 en dérision par Pierre-Maurice Quays, élève de Jacques-Louis David, maître à penser du mouvement des Barbus et chantre d’un classicisme poussé a l’extrême. Il serait une association des termes rocaille et Baroco. Le terme garda longtemps son aspect péjoratif avant d’être accepté par les historiens d’art vers le milieu du XIXe siècle.
Encore aujourd’hui, son apparence de frivolité et sa décoration parfois chargée et colorée en fait un style souvent considéré comme vulgaire.
Dadaïsme
Le dadaïsme, dit aussi dada est un mouvement intellectuel, littéraire et esthétique d'avant-garde qui, entre 1916 et 1925, se caractérisa par une mise en cause de toutes les conventions et contraintes idéologiques, artistiques, cinématographiques, politiques.
Il fut l'un des mouvements artistiques internationaux parmi les plus importants et peut être le plus novateur du XXe siècle. La majeure partie des plus grands artistes de ce siècle y sont passés (voir 1) ou ont été influençés par lui (voir 2).
Ce mouvement a mis en avant l'esprit d'enfance, le rejet de la raison et de la logique, l'extravangance, la dérision et l'humour. Ses artistes se voulaient irrespectueux, extravagants, avec un mépris total pour les vieilleries du passé et recherchaient la plus grande liberté de créativité pour laquelle ils utilisèrent tous les matériaux et formes disponibles. Ils cherchaient aussi cette liberté particulièrement dans le langage qu'ils aimaient lyrique et hétéroclite.
Stoicism
Stoicism is a school of philosophy the founding of which is associated with Zeno of Citium, which became the foremost popular philosophy among the educated elite in the Greco-Roman Empire,[1] to the point where, in the words of Gilbert Murray, "nearly all the successors of Alexander...professed themselves Stoics."[2] It teaches that self-control, fortitude and detachment from distracting emotions, sometimes interpreted as an indifference to pleasure or pain, allows one to become a clear thinker, level-headed and unbiased. A primary aspect of Stoicism would be described as improving the individual’s spiritual well-being. Virtue, reason, and natural law are prime directives. By mastering passions and emotions, stoics believe it is possible to overcome the discord of the outside world and find peace within oneself. Stoicism holds that passion distorts truth, and that the pursuit of truth is virtuous. Greek philosophers such as Cleanthes, Chrysippus, and later Roman thinkers such as Cicero, Seneca the Younger, Marcus Aurelius, Cato the Younger, Dio Chrysostom, and Epictetus are associated with Stoicism. In Cicero's case, it should be emphasised that while he shared many of the moral tenets of Stoicism, he was not a Stoic himself but an eclectic. Stoic philosophy is usually contrasted with Epicureanism.
The Royal Fusiliers
The Royal Fusiliers (City of London Regiment) was a regiment in the British Army.
It was formed as a Fusilier regiment in 1685 by Lord Dartmouth, George Legge, from two companies of the Tower of London guard, and was originally called the Ordnance Regiment. Most regiments were equipped with matchlock muskets at the time, but the Ordnance Regiment were armed with Fusils. This was because their task was to be an escort for the artillery, for which matchlocks would have carried the risk of igniting the barrels of gunpowder.
James Bond
James Bond 007 is a fictional British agent[1], created in 1952 by writer Ian Fleming, featured in several novels and short stories. After Fleming's death in 1964, subsequent James Bond novels were written by Kingsley Amis (as Robert Markham), John Pearson, John Gardner, Raymond Benson, and Charlie Higson. Moreover, Christopher Wood novelised two screenplays, while other writers have authored unofficial versions of the secret agent character.
Initially famed through the novels, James Bond is best known from the EON Productions film series, twenty-one of which have been made as of 2006. In addition there are two independent productions and one Fleming-licenced American television adaptation of the first novel. The EON Productions films are generally described as the "official" films and, although its origin is unclear, this term is used throughout this article. Albert R. "Cubby" Broccoli and Harry Saltzman co-produced the official films until 1975, when Broccoli remained the sole producer. Since 1995, Broccoli's daughter Barbara and stepson Michael G. Wilson have co-produced them.
